Norway

Critically Insufficient4°C+ World

NDCs with this rating fall well outside of a country’s “fair share” range and are not at all consistent with holding warming to below 2°C let alone with the Paris Agreement’s stronger 1.5°C limit. If all government NDCs were in this range, warming would exceed 4°C.

Highly insufficient< 4°C World

NDCs with this rating fall outside of a country’s “fair share” range and are not at all consistent with holding warming to below 2°C let alone with the Paris Agreement’s stronger 1.5°C limit. If all government NDCs were in this range, warming would reach between 3°C and 4°C.

Insufficient< 3°C World

NDCs with this rating are in the least stringent part of a country’s “fair share” range and not consistent with holding warming below 2°C let alone with the Paris Agreement’s stronger 1.5°C limit. If all government NDCs were in this range, warming would reach over 2°C and up to 3°C.

2°C Compatible< 2°C World

NDCs with this rating are consistent with the 2009 Copenhagen 2°C goal and therefore fall within a country’s “fair share” range, but are not fully consistent with the Paris Agreement long term temperature goal. If all government NDCs were in this range, warming could be held below, but not well below, 2°C and still be too high to be consistent with the Paris Agreement 1.5°C limit.

1.5°C Paris Agreement Compatible< 1.5°C World

This rating indicates that a government’s NDCs in the most stringent part of its “fair share” range: it is consistent with the Paris Agreement’s 1.5°C limit.

Role model<< 1.5°C World

This rating indicates that a government’s NDC is more ambitious than what is considered a “fair” contribution: it is more than consistent with the Paris Agreement’s 1.5°C limit.

List of references

Adomaitis, N. (2019). Norway’s CO₂ seabed storage project gets boost from industry, EU. Reuters. Retrieved from https://www.reuters.com/article/us-norway-ccs/norways-co2-seabed-storage-project-gets-boost-from-industry-eu-idUSKCN1VQ1SP

Ambrose, J. (2019). World’s biggest sovereign wealth fund to ditch fossil fuels. The Guardian. Retrieved from https://www.theguardian.com/business/2019/jun/12/worlds-biggest-sovereign-wealth-fund-to-ditch-fossil-fuels

Avinor. (2018). Avinor and Norwegian aviation 2018. Retrieved from https://avinor.no/globalassets/_konsern/om-oss/rapporter/en/avinor-and-norwegian-aviation-2018_4.pdf

Bjørnestad, S. (2020). Sanner endrer oljeselskapenes skatteregler, får kritikk av SSB-direktør. Retrieved June 16, 2020, from e24 website:

https://e24.no/olje-og-energi/i/b5xwee/sanner-endrer-oljeselskapenes-skatteregler-faar-kritikk-av-ssb-direktoer

Brown, M. (2018). Norway Just Mandated Zero-Emission Fjords to Lead Electric Boat Charge | Inverse. Retrieved November 28, 2018, from https://www.inverse.com/article/44507-norway-zero-emission-fjords?refresh=8

Buildup. (2015). Implementation of the EPBD in Norway. Status in November 2015.

Carr, M., Starn, J., & Hodges, J. (2018). Norway Seeks to Offset Its Pollution 12 Years Before Needed - Bloomberg. Retrieved October 5, 2018, from https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-09-07/norway-seeks-to-offset-its-pollution-12-years-before-needed

Climate Action Tracker. (2019). Climate Action Tracker Data Portal. Retrieved from https://climateactiontracker.org/data-portal/

Climate Action Tracker. (2020). CAT Climate Target Update Tracker. Retrieved from https://climateactiontracker.org/climate-target-update-tracker/

Direkoratet for Byggkvalitet. (2017). Sammenstilling av forskriftene TEK10 og TEK17.

Dunn, G. (2020). Norway to extend airline loan guarantee scheme. Retrieved June 17, 2020, from https://www.flightglobal.com/airlines/norway-to-extend-airline-loan-guarantee-scheme/138603.article

European Commission. (2019). ANNEX to the Proposal for a COUNCIL DECISION on the position to be adopted, on behalf of the European Union, within the EEA Joint Committee concerning an amendment to Protocol 31 to the EEA Agreement, on cooperation in specific fields outside the four fre. Retrieved from https://ec.europa.eu/transparency/regdoc/rep/1/2019/EN/COM-2019-438-F1-EN-ANNEX-1-PART-1.PDF

European Environment Agency. (2019). Trends and projections in Europe 2019. Tracking progress towards Europe’s climate and energy targets. Retrieved from https://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/trends-and-projections-in-europe-1

Faschevsky, S. (2016). Policy Framework - Energy Efficiency in Buildings in Norway.

Gavenas, E., Rosendahl, K. E., & Skjerpen, T. (2015). CO 2 -emissions from Norwegian oil and gas extraction. Retrieved from https://www.ssb.no/en/forskning/discussion-papers/_attachment/225118?_ts=14de17b6918

Government of Norway. (2019). Politisk plattform. Retrieved from https://www.regjeringen.no/contentassets/7b0b7f0fcf0f4d93bb6705838248749b/plattform.pdf

Government of Norway. (2020a). National Inventory Report 2020. Retrieved from https://unfccc.int/documents/215704

Government of Norway. (2020b). One step closer to CO₂ storage in the North Sea. Retrieved June 16, 2020, from https://www.regjeringen.no/en/aktuelt/ett-skritt-narmere-et-co2-lager-i-nordsjoen/id2692396/

Government of Norway. (2020c). Update of Norway’s nationally determined contribution. Retrieved from https://www4.unfccc.int/sites/ndcstaging/PublishedDocuments/Norway%20First/Norway_updatedNDC_2020%20(Updated%20submission).pdf

Hermansen, E. A. T., & Lahn, B. (2019). Climate neutrality the Norwegian way: Carbon trading? Cicero. Retrieved from https://cicero.oslo.no/no/posts/nyheter/climate-neutrality-the-norwegian-way-carbon-trading

Holter, M. (2019, April 4). Norway’s Oil Industry Must Become Emissions-Free, Labor Says. Bloomberg. Retrieved from https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-04-04/norway-s-oil-industry-must-become-emissions-free-labor-says

IMF. (2020). World Economic Outlook (April 2020). Retrieved from https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/Issues/2020/04/14/weo-april-2020

Jong, H. N. (2020). Indonesia to receive $56m payment from Norway for reducing deforestation. Retrieved from Mongabay website: https://news.mongabay.com/2020/05/indonesia-norway-redd-payment-deforestation-carbon-emission-climate-change/

Losnegård, A., Befring, Å. M., & Lydersen, T. (2020). Økonomiprofessor kritisk til oljeforliket: – Dette vil forlenge oljealderen. Retrieved June 16, 2020, from NRK website: https://www.nrk.no/norge/okonomiprofessor-kritisk-til-oljeforliket_-_-dette-vil-forlenge-oljealderen-1.15045774

Masnadi, M. S., El-Houjeiri, H., Schunack, D., Li, Y., Englander, J., Badahdah, A., … Brandt, A. (2018). Global carbon intensity of crude oil production. Science, 361, 851–853. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/327328315_Global_carbon_intensity_of_crude_oil_production

McKinsey&Company. (2018). The Market for Unlisted Renewable Energy Infrastructure. Retrieved from https://www.regjeringen.no/contentassets/7fb88d969ba34ea6a0cd9225b28711a9/20181219-the-market-for-unlisted-renewable-energy-infrastructure_final.pdf

Milne, R. (2020). Norway’s oil fund sells out of Glencore, Anglo American and RWE. Retrieved July 14, 2020, from Financial Times website: https://www.ft.com/content/ca33f62e-242a-4304-9895-f7cea36a497e

Ministry of Climate and Environment. (2016, October 6). Increased efforts lower emissions. Retrieved August 17, 2017, from https://www.regjeringen.no/no/aktuelt/okt-innsats-for-lavere-utslipp/id2514869/

Ministry of Climate and Environment. Climate Change Act. (2017).

Ministry of Finance. (2019). Allowing for unlisted renewable energy infrastructure. Retrieved from https://www.regjeringen.no/en/aktuelt/allowing-for-unlisted-renewable-energy-infrastructure/id2640386/

Ministry of Petroleum and Energy. (2018, May 15). The Norwegian Government continues with the planning of a demonstration project for CO₂ capture, transport and storage. Retrieved October 5, 2018, from https://www.regjeringen.no/en/aktuelt/the-norwegian-government-continues-with-the-planning-of-a-demonstration-project-for-co2-capture-transport-and-storage/id2601399/

Ministry of Transport. (2016, February 15). National Transport Plan - NTP. Retrieved August 17, 2017, from https://www.regjeringen.no/no/tema/transport-og-kommunikasjon/nasjonal-transportplan/id2475111/

NewScientist. (2019). Norway is starting the world’s biggest divestment in oil and gas. Retrieved May 7, 2019, from https://www.newscientist.com/article/2196024-norway-is-starting-the-worlds-biggest-divestment-in-oil-and-gas/

Nikel, D. (2019). Norway Wealth Fund To Dump Fossil Fuel Stocks Worth Billions In Environmental Move. Bloomberg. Retrieved from https://www.forbes.com/sites/davidnikel/2019/06/12/norway-wealth-fund-to-dump-fossil-fuel-stocks-worth-billions-in-environmental-move/#3d817c2848a3

Norges Bank. (2019a). Holdings as at 31.12.2018. Retrieved May 7, 2019, from https://www.nbim.no/en/the-fund/holdings/holdings-as-at-31.12.2018/

Norges Bank. (2019b). Strategy 2020–2022. Retrieved from https://www.nbim.no/contentassets/e67c709ab52541bab4b449bddc019319/strategy-plan-2020-2022-norges-bank-investment-management.pdf

Norges Bank. (2020). Exclusion and observation of coal companies. Retrieved July 14, 2020, from https://www.nbim.no/en/the-fund/news-list/2020/exclusion-and-observation-of-coal-companies/

Norsk elbilforening. (2019). Norwegian EV policy. Retrieved from https://elbil.no/english/norwegian-ev-policy/

Norsk elbilforening. (2020a). Feirer 10 prosent elbiler i Norge. Retrieved July 14, 2020, from https://elbil.no/feirer-10-prosent-elbiler-i-norge/

Norsk elbilforening. (2020b). Utslippstallene i Norge synker og drivstoffsalget stuper: Elbiler har mye av æren for begge deler. Retrieved July 14, 2020, from https://elbil.no/utslippstallene-i-norge-synker-og-drivstoffsalget-stuper-elbiler-har-mye-av-aeren-for-begge-deler/

Norwegian Ministry of Climate and Environment. (2019). National forestry accounting plan for Norway for the first commitment period 2021-2025. Retrieved from https://www.regjeringen.no/contentassets/116262fdbff147fab3b0d38b61ed258f/national-forestry-accounting-plan-for-norway_2021-2025_21march2019.pdf

Norwegian Ministry of Climate and Environment. (2018a). Norway’s International Climate and Forest Initiative (NICFI). Retrieved from https://www.regjeringen.no/en/topics/climate-and-environment/climate/climate-and-forest-initiative/id2000712/

Norwegian Ministry of Climate and Environment. (2018b). Status report as of January 2018 Norway’s Seventh National Communication Under the Framework Convention on Climate Change. Retrieved from http://unfccc.int/files/national_reports/annex_i_natcom/submitted_natcom/application/pdf/529371_norway-nc7-br3-1-nc7_-_br3_-_final.pdf

Norwegian Ministry of Petroleum and Energy. (2019). Electricity production - Energifakta Norge. Retrieved May 6, 2019, from https://energifaktanorge.no/en/norsk-energiforsyning/kraftproduksjon/

Norwegian Ministry of Petroleum and Energy. (2019). Taxes and emissions trading - Energifakta Norge. Retrieved May 20, 2019, from https://energifaktanorge.no/en/et-baerekraftig-og-sikkert-energisystem/avgifter-og-kvoteplikt/

OECD. (2020a). Economic Outlook No 107 - June 2020 – Double-hit scenario. Retrieved from OECD.Stat website: https://stats.oecd.org/viewhtml.aspx?datasetcode=EO107_INTERNET_2

OECD. (2020b). Economic Outlook No 107 - June 2020 – Single-hit scenario. Retrieved from OECD.Stat website: https://stats.oecd.org/Index.aspx?DataSetCode=EO107_INTERNET_1#

OFV. (2019). Bilsalget i 2018. Retrieved July 28, 2020, from https://ofv.no/bilsalget/bilsalget-i-2018

OFV. (2020). Bilsalget i 2019. Retrieved June 15, 2020, from https://ofv.no/bilsalget/bilsalget-i-2019

Phys. (2016). Norway MPs vote to go carbon neutral by 2030. Retrieved May 6, 2019, from https://phys.org/news/2016-06-norway-mps-vote-carbon-neutral.html

Reuters. (2017). Oil producer Norway bans use of heating oil in buildings. Retrieved September 4, 2017, from https://www.reuters.com/article/us-climatechange-norway/oil-producer-norway-bans-use-of-heating-oil-in-buildings-idUSKBN1961VL

Reuters. (2019, January 11). Norway awards Equinor license to build CO₂ storage under seabed.

Royal Ministry of Finance. (2018). Energy Stocks in the Government Pension Fund Global. Retrieved from https://www.regjeringen.no/contentassets/c8cd5eea5a2b4993884 62ffcc70e4339/en-gb/pdfs/stm201820190014000engpdfs.pdf

Royal Ministry of Finance. (2019). The National Budget 2020: A summary. Retrieved from https://www.regjeringen.no/contentassets/09814fbc520946869d6eaa65099c2983/national_budget_2020.pdf

Sfrintzeris, Y., Mangelrød, N., & Myrhvold Simensen, H. (2020). Regjeringen bruker 27 milliarder kroner - får hard kritikk. Retrieved June 17, 2020, from e24 website: https://e24.no/naeringsliv/i/Xgr7o7/regjeringen-bruker-27-milliarder-kroner-faar-hard-kritikk

SSB. (2019). The National Forest Inventory. Retrieved May 7, 2019, from https://www.ssb.no/en/lst

Statistics Norway. (2019). Electricity - annually - SSB. Retrieved May 6, 2019, from https://www.ssb.no/en/energi-og-industri/statistikker/elektrisitet/aar

Statistics Norway. (2020). Emissions to air. Retrieved from https://www.ssb.no/en/statbank/table/08940/

Statistik sentralbyrå. (2017). Emissions of greenhouse gases - annually, preliminary figures - SSB. Retrieved August 17, 2017, from https://ssb.no/natur-og-miljo/statistikker/klimagassn

Storting. (2016). Komiteens tilråding. Retrieved May 6, 2019, from https://www.stortinget.no/no/Saker-og-publikasjoner/Publikasjoner/Innstillinger/Stortinget/2015-2016/inns-201516-407/4/

Storting. Lovvedtak 135 (2019–2020): vedtak ti l lov om endring i lov om skattlegging av undersjøiske petroleumsforekomster mv. (petroleumsskatteloven), Pub. L. No. 135 (2020).

The World Bank. (2019). Forest area (% of land area). Retrieved May 7, 2019, from https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/AG.LND.FRST.ZS?locations=NO