Canada

Bakx, K. (2023, June 30). Canada will soon have new rules for clean fuel. Here’s what they’ll cost when you fill up. CBC News. https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/calgary/bakx-clean-fuel-cfs-cfr-1.6891833

Bernstien, J. (2024, June 20). Canada’s uncounted emissions: Going green at home while shipping oil and gas abroad. CBC News. https://newsinteractives.cbc.ca/features/2024/emissions/

Boehm, S., Jeffery, L., Levin, K., Hecke, J., Schumer, C., Fyson, C., WIlson, R., Majid, A., Jaeger, J., Nilsson, A., Naimoli, S., Thwaites, J., Cassidy, E., Lebling, K., Sims, M., Waite, R., Castellanos, S., Singh, N., Lee, A., & Geiges, A. (2023). State of Climate Action 2022.

Calgary Herald. (2023, October 5). Trans Mountain CEO expects opening of pipeline expansion by end of March, potential sale within two years.

Canada, E. (2023, September 18). Groups launch appeal in case challenging fed’s approval of Bay du Nord.

Canada Energy Regulator. (2022). Provincial and Territorial Energy Profiles. https://www.cer-rec.gc.ca/en/data-analysis/energy-markets/provincial-territorial-energy-profiles/provincial-territorial-energy-profiles-explore.html

Cascade Power. (2021). Cascade Power Project. https://cascadepower.ca/

CBC News. (2022). Bay du Nord may not be last oil project off Newfoundland, energy minister says. CBC News.

Chan, E., Worthy, D. E. J., Chan, D., Ishizawa, M., Moran, M. D., Delcloo, A., & Vogel, F. (2020). Eight-Year Estimates of Methane Emissions from Oil and Gas Operations in Western Canada Are Nearly Twice Those Reported in Inventories. Environmental Science & Technology, 54, 14899–14909.

Climate Action Tracker. (2023a). Clean electricity within a generation : Paris-aligned benchmarks for the power sector.

Climate Action Tracker. (2023b). No change to warming as fossil fuel endgame brings focus onto false solutions.

Commissioner of the Environment and Sustainable Development. (2021). Commissioner documents 30 years of missed opportunities on climate change action in Canada. New Release.

Commissioner of the Environment and Sustainable Development. (2022a). Carbon Pricing — Environment and Climate Change Canada.

Commissioner of the Environment and Sustainable Development. (2022b). Federal hydrogen strategy overestimates potential to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. News Release.

Dunsky Energy + Climate Advisors. (2022). Updated Projections of Canada’s Public Charging Infrastructure Needs.

Ecojustice. (2023, June 8). Community groups and Coalspur in court today for round two of legal battle over Vista coal mine expansion.

Efficiency Canada, & Carleton University. (2022). The Municipal Guide to Net Zero Energy Ready Building Codes.

Environment and Climate Change Canada. (2018). Technical Backgrounder: Federal methane regulations for the upstream oil and gas sector. https://www.canada.ca/en/environment-climate-change/news/2018/04/federal-methane-regulations-for-the-upstream-oil-and-gas-sector.html

Environment and Climate Change Canada. (2020a). A healthy environment and a healthy economy: Canada’s strengthened climate plan to create jobs and support people, communities and the planet.

Environment and Climate Change Canada. (2020b). Carbon Pollution Pricing: Considerations for Protocol Development in the Federal GHG Offset System.

Environment and Climate Change Canada. (2021a). Canada confirms its support for the Global Methane Pledge and announces ambitious domestic actions to slash methane emissions. News Release.

Environment and Climate Change Canada. (2021b). National Inventory Report 1990-2019: Greenhouse Gas Sources and Sinks in Canada.

Environment and Climate Change Canada. (2022a). 2030 Emissions Reduction Plan: Canada’s Next Steps for Clean Air and a Strong Economy.

Environment and Climate Change Canada. (2022b). Engagement on federal regulations for reducing methane emissions from Canada’s municipal solid waste landfills. https://www.canada.ca/en/environment-climate-change/services/managing-reducing-waste/municipal-solid/waste-greenhouse-gases-canada-actions/engagement-landfill-emission.html

Environment and Climate Change Canada. (2022c). Exploring approaches for Canada’s Transition to Net-Zero Emissions.

Environment and Climate Change Canada. (2022d). Faster and Further: Canada’s Methane Strategy.

Environment and Climate Change Canada. (2022e). National Inventory Report 1990-2020: Greenhouse Gas Sources and Sinks in Canada.

Environment and Climate Change Canada. (2023a). 2023 Progress Report on the 2030 Emissions Reduction Plan.

Environment and Climate Change Canada. (2023b). Canada’s Greenhouse Gas and Air Pollutant Emissions Projections 2023.

Environment and Climate Change Canada. (2024). NATIONAL INVENTORY REPORT 1990–2022: GREENHOUSE GAS SOURCES AND SINKS IN CANADA CANADA’S SUBMISSION TO THE UNITED NATIONS FRAMEWORK CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE Part 1.

Export Development Canada. (2023). Accelerating the Export Impact - 2023 Integrated Annual Report.

Federal Court of Canada. (2023). Sierra Club Canada Foundation v. Canada (Environment and Climate Change).

Global Affairs Canada. (2022). Export Controls. https://www.international.gc.ca/controls-controles/about-a_propos/expor/before-avant.aspx?lang=eng

Government of Canada. (2010). Renewable Fuels Regulations. SOR/2010-189.

Government of Canada. (2016a). Pan-Canadian Framework on Clean Growth and Climate Change.

Government of Canada. (2016b). Pan-Canadian Framework on Clean Growth and Climate Change. Annex I: Federal investments and measures to support the transition to a low-carbon economy. https://www.canada.ca/en/services/environment/weather/climatechange/pan-canadian-framework/annex-federal-investments-measures.html

Government of Canada. (2017). Government Notices: Clean Fuel Standard regulatory framework. Canada Gazette, Part I, Vol. 151, No. 51.

Government of Canada. (2018a). Greenhouse Gas Pollution Pricing Act.

Government of Canada. (2018b). Regulations Amending the Heavy-duty Vehicle and Engine Greenhouse Gas Emission Regulations and Other Regulations Made Under the Canadian Environmental Protection Act, 1999 (SOR/2018-98). Canada Gazette, Part II, Vol. 152, No. 11, SOR/2018-98.

Government of Canada. (2018c). Regulations Amending the Reduction of Carbon Dioxide Emissions from Coal-fired Generation of Electricity Regulations. Canada Gazette, Part II, Vol. 152, No. 25, Regulation SOR/2018-263.

Government of Canada. (2018d). Regulations Limiting Carbon Dioxide Emissions from Natural Gas-fired Generation of Electricity. Canada Gazette, Part II, Vol. 152, No. 25, SOR/2018-261.

Government of Canada. (2018e). Regulations Respecting Reduction in the Release of Methane and Certain Volatile Organic Compounds (Upstream Oil and Gas Sector). SOR/2018-66.

Government of Canada. (2019a). Canada’s food guide. https://food-guide.canada.ca/en/

Government of Canada. (2019b). Regulations Amending the Energy Efficiency Regulations, 2016 (Amendment 15): SOR/2019-164. Canada Gazette, Part II, Volume 153, Number 12.

Government of Canada. (2019c). Regulations Amending the Energy Efficiency Regulations, 2016 (Amendment 16): SOR/2019-163. Canada Gazette, Part II, Volume 153, Number 12.

Government of Canada. (2020a). Order Declaring that the Provisions of the Regulations Respecting Reduction in the Release of Methane and Certain Volatile Organic Compounds (Upstream Oil and Gas Sector) Do Not Apply in Alberta: SOR/2020-233. Canada Gazette, Part II, Volume 154, Number 23.

Government of Canada. (2020b). Order Declaring that the Provisions of the Regulations Respecting Reduction in the Release of Methane and Certain Volatile Organic Compounds (Upstream Oil and Gas Sector) Do Not Apply in British Columbia: SOR/2020-60. Canada Gazette, Part II, Volume 154, Number 8, SOR/2020-60.

Government of Canada. (2020c). Order Declaring that the Provisions of the Regulations Respecting Reduction in the Release of Methane and Certain Volatile Organic Compounds (Upstream Oil and Gas Sector) Do Not Apply in Saskatchewan: SOR/2020-234. Canada Gazette, Part II, Volume 154, Number 23, SOR/2020-234.

Government of Canada. (2021a). 2 Billion Trees Commitment. https://www.canada.ca/en/campaign/2-billion-trees.html

Government of Canada. (2021b). Budget 2021: A Recovery Plan for Jobs, Growth, and Resilience.

Government of Canada. (2021c). Canada’s 2021 Nationally Determined Contribution under the Paris Agreement.

Government of Canada. (2021d). Canada’s international climate finance. https://www.canada.ca/en/services/environment/weather/climatechange/canada-international-action/climate-finance.html

Government of Canada. (2021e). Canadian Net-Zero Emissions Accountability Act.

Government of Canada. (2021f). Federal Greenhouse Gas Offset System. https://www.canada.ca/en/environment-climate-change/services/climate-change/pricing-pollution-how-it-will-work/output-based-pricing-system/federal-greenhouse-gas-offset-system.html

Government of Canada. (2021g). Net-Zero Advisory Body. https://www.canada.ca/en/services/environment/weather/climatechange/climate-plan/net-zero-emissions-2050/advisory-body.html

Government of Canada. (2021h). Passenger Automobile and Light Truck Greenhouse Gas Emission Regulations (SOR/2010-201). https://pollution-waste.canada.ca/environmental-protection-registry/regulations/view?Id=104

Government of Canada. (2021i). Statement by the Government of Canada on thermal coal mining. https://www.canada.ca/en/environment-climate-change/services/managing-pollution/energy-production/electricity-generation/statement-government-canada-thermal-coal-mining.html

Government of Canada. (2021j). The Canada Green Buildings Strategy. https://natural-resources.canada.ca/public-consultations-and-engagements/the-canada-green-buildings-strategy-consultation/25009

Government of Canada. (2021k). Update to the Pan-Canadian Approach to Carbon Pollution Pricing 2023-2030. https://www.canada.ca/en/environment-climate-change/services/climate-change/pricing-pollution-how-it-will-work/carbon-pollution-pricing-federal-benchmark-information/federal-benchmark-2023-2030.html

Government of Canada. (2022a). Canada’s 8th National Communication and 5th Biennial Report.

Government of Canada. (2022b). Canada’s Aviation Climate Action Plan 2022-2030.

Government of Canada. (2022c). Canada’s Greenhouse Gas Offset Credit System. https://www.canada.ca/en/environment-climate-change/services/climate-change/pricing-pollution-how-it-will-work/output-based-pricing-system/federal-greenhouse-gas-offset-system.html

Government of Canada. (2022d). Canada’s international climate finance: Announcements. https://www.canada.ca/en/services/environment/weather/climatechange/canada-international-action/climate-finance/announcements.html

Government of Canada. (2022e). Canadian Greenhouse Gas Offset Credit System Regulations: SOR/2022-111. Canada Gazette, Part II, Volume 156, Number 12.

Government of Canada. (2022f). Carbon Pollution Pricing: Considerations for facilitating Indigenous participation in the Federal Greenhouse Gas Offset System. https://www.canada.ca/en/environment-climate-change/services/climate-change/pricing-pollution-how-it-will-work/output-based-pricing-system/federal-greenhouse-gas-offset-system/considerations-indigenous-participation.html

Government of Canada. (2022g). Clean Electricity Regulations. https://www.canada.ca/en/services/environment/weather/climatechange/climate-plan/clean-electricity-regulation.html

Government of Canada. (2022h). Clean Fuel Regulations: SOR/2022-140. Canada Gazette, Part II, Volume 156, Number 14.

Government of Canada. (2022i). Fifth annual meeting of the Bilateral Dialogue on Motor Vehicle Regulations. https://www.international.gc.ca/trade-commerce/trade-agreements-accords-commerciaux/agr-acc/ceta-aecg/2022-11-23-summary-sommaire.aspx?lang=eng

Government of Canada. (2022j). Landfill methane recovery and destruction. Federal Offset Protocol: Version 1.0.

Government of Canada. (2022k). Proposed Frame for the Clean Electricity Regulations. https://www.canada.ca/en/environment-climate-change/services/canadian-environmental-protection-act-registry/publications/proposed-frame-clean-electricity-regulations.html

Government of Canada. (2022l). Reducing methane emissions from Canada’s oil and gas sector: discussion paper.

Government of Canada. (2022m, April 2). Regulations Amending the Energy Efficiency Regulations, 2016 (Amendment 17). Canada Gazette, Part I, Volume 156, Number 14.

Government of Canada. (2022n, August 31). Fertilizer emissions reduction target: Completed consultation. https://agriculture.canada.ca/en/about-our-department/transparency-and-corporate-reporting/public-opinion-research-and-consultations/share-ideas-fertilizer-emissions-reduction-target

Government of Canada. (2022o, October 4). Discussion Document: Reducing emissions arising from the application of fertilizer in Canada’s agriculture sector. https://agriculture.canada.ca/en/about-our-department/transparency-and-corporate-reporting/public-opinion-research-and-consultations/share-ideas-fertilizer-emissions-reduction-target/discussion-document-reducing-emissions-arising-application-fertilizer-ca

Government of Canada. (2022p, December 8). Guidelines for Canada’s International Support for the Clean Energy Transition. Government of Canada. https://www.nrcan.gc.ca/home/guidelines-for-canadas-international-support-for-the-clean-energy-transition/24797

Government of Canada. (2023a). CANADIAN ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ACT, 1999 Order Approving the Interim Order Modifying the Operation of the Heavy-duty Vehicle and Engine Greenhouse Gas Emission Regulations (Trailer Standards). Canada Gazette, Part I., Vol. 157, No.13,: Orders in Council.

Government of Canada. (2023b). Clean Electricity Regulations. Canada Gazette Part II, Vol. 157, No.33: Clean Electricity Regulations.

Government of Canada. (2023c). Oil and gas emissions cap.

Government of Canada. (2023d). Reducing Canada’s landfill methane emissions: Proposed regulatory framework.

Government of Canada. (2023e). Regulations Amending the Passenger Automobile and Light Truck Greenhouse Gas Emission Regulations: SOR/2023-275. Canada Gazette, Part II. Vol. 157, No. 26, SOR/2023-275.

Government of Canada. (2023f, September 20). Beating 75 percent target for cutting oil and gas methane emissions is Canada’s next challenge: Minister Guilbeault.

Government of Canada. (2023g, December 4). Minister Guilbeault announces Canada’s draft methane regulations to support cleaner energy and climate action.

Government of Canada, & Government of the Federal Republic of Germany. (2022). Joint declaration of intent between the Government of Canada and the Government of the Federal Republic of Germany on establishing a Canada-Germany Hydrogen Alliance. https://www.nrcan.gc.ca/climate-change-adapting-impacts-and-reducing-emissions/canadas-green-future/the-hydrogen-strategy/joint-declaration-intent-between-the-government-canada-and-the-government-the-federal/24607

Government of Quebec. (2022). Loi visant principalement à mettre fin à la recherche et à la production d’hydrocarbures ainsi qu’au financement public de ces activités.

Health Canada. (2019). History of Canada’s food guides from 1942 to 2007.

IEA. (2023). Energy Statistics Data Browser. https://www.iea.org/data-and-statistics/data-tools/energy-statistics-data-browser

Impact Assessment Agency of Canada. (2021). Bay du Nord Development Project: Environmental Assessment Report.

Impact Assessment Agency of Canada. (2022a). Decision Statement Issued under Section 54 of the Canadian Environmental Assessment Act, 2012. https://iaac-aeic.gc.ca/050/evaluations/document/143675

Impact Assessment Agency of Canada. (2022b). Vista Coal Underground Mine Project and Vista Mine Phase II Expansion Project. https://iaac-aeic.gc.ca/050/evaluations/proj/80731?culture=en-CA

Institute for Energy Economics and Financial Analysis. (2021). Canada ban on shipping coal would equal scrapping as many as 3 million cars. https://ieefa.org/resources/ieefa-canada-ban-shipping-coal-would-equal-scrapping-many-3-million-cars

Jang, B. (2022). Cost estimate for Coastal GasLink pipeline soars 70 per cent to $11.2-billion. The Globe and Mail. https://www.theglobeandmail.com/business/article-coastal-gaslink-pipeline-project-cost/

Kozelj, J. (2024). EV charging bylaws in condos, stratas and other MURBs: an overview of new Canadian rules. Electric Autonomy. https://electricautonomy.ca/news/2023-05-24/ev-charging-canada-murbs-2/

Kuykendall, T. (2021). Canadian coal miners balk at export ban announcement. S&P Global.

Liberal Party of Canada. (2019). Liberals move forward to plant two billion trees. Liberal Party of Canada. https://www.liberal.ca/liberals-move-forward-to-plant-two-billion-trees/

Liberal Party of Canada. (2021a). Clean Electricity: A Net-Zero Grid By 2035. https://liberal.ca/climate/clean-electricity-a-net-zero-grid-by-2035/

Liberal Party of Canada. (2021b). Ending Thermal Coal Exports. https://liberal.ca/climate/ending-thermal-coal-exports/

Liggio, J., Li, S.-M., Staebler, R. M., Hayden, K., Darlington, A., Mittermeier, R. L., O’Brien1, J., McLaren, R., Wolde, M., Worthy, D., & Vogel, F. (2019). Measured Canadian oil sands CO2 emissions are higher than estimates made using internationally recommended methods. Nature Communications, 10(1863).

Lindsay, B. (2021). Trans Mountain pipeline expansion will lead to $11.9B in losses for Canada, study says. CBC News.

MacKay, K., Lavoie, M., Bourlon, E., Atherton, E., O’Connell, E., Baillie, J., Fougère, C., & Risk, D. (2021). Methane emissions from upstream oil and gas production in Canada are underestimated. Scientific Reports, 11(8041).

Morgan, G. (2020). Why Norway fund’s divestment from the oilsands could trigger a bigger fund exodus. Financial Post.

National Research Council Canada. (2020). Codes Canada publications. https://nrc.canada.ca/en/certifications-evaluations-standards/codes-canada/codes-canada-publications

National Research Council Canada. (2022a). National Building Code of Canada 2020.

National Research Council Canada. (2022b). National Energy Code of Canada for Buildings 2020.

Natural Resources Canada. (n.d.). Green building programs and funding. https://natural-resources.canada.ca/energy-efficiency/green-buildings/green-building-programs-and-funding/24574

Natural Resources Canada. (2020). Hydrogen Strategy for Canada: Seizing the Opportunities for Hydrogen.

Natural Resources Canada. (2021a). Canada Joins U.S. in Establishing Net-Zero Producers Forum. https://www.canada.ca/en/natural-resources-canada/news/2021/04/canada-joins-us-in-establishing-net-zero-producers-forum.html

Natural Resources Canada. (2021b). Electric Vehicle and Alternative Fuel Infrastructure Deployment Initiative. https://www.nrcan.gc.ca/energy-efficiency/energy-efficiency-transportation/electric-alternative-fuel-infras/electric-vehicle-alternative-fuels-infrastructure-deployment-initiative/18352

Natural Resources Canada. (2021c). New Program Launches to Plant Two Billion Trees. https://www.canada.ca/en/natural-resources-canada/news/2021/02/new-program-launches-to-plant-two-billion-trees.html

Natural Resources Canada. (2021d). Zero Emission Vehicle Infrastructure Program. https://www.nrcan.gc.ca/energy-efficiency/energy-efficiency-transportation/zero-emission-vehicle-infrastructure-program/21876

Natural Resources Canada. (2022a). Federal Vehicles and Fleets. https://www.nrcan.gc.ca/energy-efficiency/buildings/nrcans-greening-government-services/federal-vehicles-fleets/20053

Natural Resources Canada. (2022b). The Canada Green Buildings Strategy - Discussion Paper.

Natural Resources Canada. (2023a). Canada’s record-breaking wildfires in 2023: A fiery wake-up call.

Natural Resources Canada. (2023b). Coal facts 2022. https://natural-resources.canada.ca/our-natural-resources/minerals-mining/mining-data-statistics-and-analysis/minerals-metals-facts/coal-facts/20071

Natural Resources Canada. (2023c). Four New 2 Billion Trees Program Projects Announced to Plant Over 35 Million Trees for Wildfire Restoration Across Canada.

Natural Resources Canada. (2023d). Zero-emission vehicle infrastructure funding. https://natural-resources.canada.ca/energy-efficiency/transportation-alternative-fuels/zero-emission-vehicle-infrastructure-funding/24842

Natural Resources Canada. (2023e, August 2). Government of Canada Confirms 2 Billion Trees Program is Exceeding Planting Goals, Announces New Agreements to Plant 56 Million Additional Trees.

Natural Resources Canada. (2024). Electric Charging and Alternative Fuelling Stations Locator. https://natural-resources.canada.ca/energy-efficiency/transportation-alternative-fuels/electric-charging-alternative-fuelling-stationslocator-map/20487#/analyze?country=CA&fuel=ELEC

Nickel, R. (2023, September 20). Equinor “more optimistic” of building Canada offshore oil project. Reuters.

Noakes, T. (2024, July 3). Canada Oil Companies Delete Carbon Capture Mentions on Websites Before New Regulations Kick in. DeSmog.

OECD. (2022). Climate-related Development Finance Data. OECD.

Office of the Auditor General of Canada. (2021). Lessons Learned from Canada’s Record on Climate Change.

Office of the Auditor General of Canada. (2022a). Canada’s carbon pricing approach essential to meet reduction targets but needs further improvement. News Release.

Office of the Auditor General of Canada. (2022b). Hydrogen’s Potential to Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions: Report 3 of the Commissioner of the Environment and Sustainable Development to the Parliament of Canada.

Office of the Auditor General of Canada. (2023). Report 1: Forests and Climate Change | Independent Auditor’s Report | Reports of the Commissioner of the Environment and Sustainable Development to the Parliament of Canada.

Prime Minister of Canada. (2021a). Minister of International Trade, Export Promotion, Small Business and Economic Development Mandate Letter. https://pm.gc.ca/en/mandate-letters/2021/12/16/minister-international-trade-export-promotion-small-business-and

Prime Minister of Canada. (2021b). Prime Minister Trudeau announces enhanced and ambitious climate action to cut pollution at the COP26 summit. https://pm.gc.ca/en/news/news-releases/2021/11/01/prime-minister-trudeau-announces-enhanced-and-ambitious-climate

Rabson, M. (2020). Environment minister reconsidering decision to stay out of Alberta coal-mine review. CBC News.

Reuters. (2021). New York pension fund divests $7 mln from Canadian oil sands firms. Reuters.

Rives, K. (2022). Only still-operating carbon capture project battled technical issues in 2021. S&P Global. https://www.spglobal.com/marketintelligence/en/news-insights/latest-news-headlines/only-still-operating-carbon-capture-project-battled-technical-issues-in-2021-68302671

SaskPower. (2022a). Annual Report 2021-2022.

SaskPower. (2022b). BD3 Status Update: Q2 2022. https://www.saskpower.com/about-us/our-company/blog/2022/bd3-status-update-q2-2022

Schlissel, D. (2021). Boundary Dam 3 Coal Plant Achieves Goal of Capturing 4 Million Metric Tonsof CO2But Reaches the Goal Two Years Late.

Severson-Baker, C. (2024, July 6). For the first time in more than 150 years, Alberta’s electricity is coal free. Pembina Institute.

Sierra Club. (2024, April 16). Bay du Nord: Too Costly for Climate & Shareholders – ACCR Report.

Simmons, M. (2022). Is B.C.’s $6 billion commitment to Coastal GasLink and LNG Canada still economically viable? The Narwhal.

Statistics Canada. (2024). New motor vehicle registrations. Table 20-10-0024-01.

Supreme Court of Canada. (2021). Case in Brief: References re Greenhouse Gas Pollution Pricing Act. https://www.scc-csc.ca/case-dossier/cb/2021/38663-38781-39116-eng.aspx

Taylor, S. (2019). Sask. carbon capture facility likely to fall short of annual target: CEO. CBC News.

The Canadian Press. (2020). Deutsche Bank says it won’t back any new oilsands or coal projects. CBC News.

The Canadian Press. (2024a, February 14). NDP bill to call for ban on thermal coal exports as output soars. Global New.

The Canadian Press. (2024b, March 29). Canada’s coal exports up again in 2023 as government’s promised ban elusive. Global News.

The Energy Mix. (2022). ‘Smokescreen’ Masks $17B Taxpayer Cost for Trans Mountain Pipeline. The Energy Mix. https://www.theenergymix.com/2022/10/13/smokescreen-masks-17b-taxpayer-cost-for-trans-mountain-pipeline/

Thurton, D. (2022). Budget watchdog says Trans Mountain expansion is no longer profitable. CBC News.

Total. (2020). Short term price revision and Climate Ambition: Total announces exceptional 8 B$ asset impairments including 7 B$ in Canadian oil sands.

Trans Mountain Corporation. (2022). Trans Mountain Corporation Updates Expansion Project Cost and Schedule. https://www.transmountain.com/news/2022/trans-mountain-corporation-updates-expansion-project-cost-and-schedule

Transport Canada. (2022a). Canada’s Action Plan for Clean On-Road Transportation.

Transport Canada. (2022b). Light-duty zero-emission vehicles. https://tc.canada.ca/en/road-transportation/innovative-technologies/zero-emission-vehicles/light-duty-zero-emission-vehicles

Transport Canada. (2022c, August 30). Medium and heavy-duty zero-emission vehicles. https://tc.canada.ca/en/road-transportation/innovative-technologies/zero-emission-vehicles/medium-heavy-duty-zero-emission-vehicles

Tuttle, R. (2022). BP’s oilsands exit may not be the last as big oil revises its image. Financial Post.

UK Government. (2021). Statement on International Public Support for the Clean Energy Transition - UN Climate Change Conference (COP26) at the SEC – Glasgow 2021. UK COP26. https://ukcop26.org/statement-on-international-public-support-for-the-clean-energy-transition/

U.S. Department of Energy. (2021). Joint Statement on Establishing a Net-Zero Producers Forum between the Energy Ministries of Canada, Norway, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and the United States. https://www.energy.gov/articles/joint-statement-establishing-net-zero-producers-forum-between-energy-ministries-canada

Williams, N. (2023, October 12). Trans Mountain pipeline has cost Canada $35B. Can Ottawa make it back? Global News / Reuters.