Brazil

Overall rating
Insufficient

Policies and action
against fair share

Insufficient
< 3°C World

NDC target
against modelled domestic pathways

Almost Sufficient
< 2°C World

NDC target
against fair share

Almost Sufficient
< 2°C World
Climate finance
Not applicable
Net zero target

year

2050

Comprehensiveness rated as

Poor
Land use & forestry

historically considered a

Source

List of references

Audi, A. (2024, January 4). Brazil’s EV sales nearly doubled in 2023. The Brazilian Report. https://brazilian.report/liveblog/politics-insider/2024/01/04/brazil-ev-sales-nearly-doubled/

BBC. (2024, April 4). Climate change: Logging decline after political change in Brazil, Colombia. BBC. https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-68716874?utm_campaign=later-linkinbio-bbcnews&utm_content=later-42185720&utm_medium=social&utm_source=linkin.bio

Climate Action Tracker. (2023). Clean electricity within a generation : Paris-aligned benchmarks for the power sector. https://climateactiontracker.org/documents/1159/CAT_2023-09-19_Briefing_ParisBenchmarks_PowerSector.pdf

Climate Transparency. (2022). Brazil: Climate Transparency Report. https://www.climate-transparency.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/CT2022-Brazil-Web.pdf

CPI. (2023). CONTRIBUTIONS TO SUSTAINABILITY IN THE BRAZILIAN AGRICULTURAL PLAN 2023/24.

Energy Transitions Commission. (2021). Bioresources within a Net-Zero Emissions Economy. https://www.energy-transitions.org/publications/bioresources-within-a-net-zero-emissions-economy/

Global Energy Monitor. (2024). Summary Tables. https://globalenergymonitor.org/projects/global-oil-gas-plant-tracker/summary-tables/

Global Forest Watch. (2024). Global Forest Watch: Brazil. Global Forest Watch. https://www.globalforestwatch.org/map/

Government of Brazil. (2023a). Action Plan for the Prevention and Control of Deforestation in the Legal Amazon (PPCDAm). https://www.gov.br/mma/pt-br/assuntos/combate-ao-desmatamento-queimadas-e-ordenamento-ambiental-territorial/controle-do-desmatamento-1/amazonia-ppcdam-1/ppcdam_5_en.pdf

Government of Brazil. (2023b). Federative Republic of Brazil Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) to the Paris Agreement under the UNFCCC. https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2023-11/Brazil%20First%20NDC%202023%20adjustment.pdf

Government of Brazil. (2023c). Novo PAC - Desenvolvimiento e Sustentabilidade. https://www.gov.br/planalto/pt-br/acompanhe-o-planalto/noticias/2023/09/alckmin-brasil-vive-bom-momento-e-tem-grandes-oportunidades-para-atrair-investimentos-com-o-novo-pac/presentation_pac_english.pdf

Government of Brazil. (2023d). Plano de Transformação Ecológica. Ministry of Finance. https://www.gov.br/fazenda/pt-br/acesso-a-informacao/acoes-e-programas/transformacao-ecologica/english-version/documents/pte-19-10-2023-ecological-transformation-plan.pdf

Government of Brazil. (2023e, October 3). Novo PAC: Transformative Investment for Brazil’s Future. Ministério Das Relações Exteriores. https://www.gov.br/mre/pt-br/embaixada-londres/press-releases/brazils-new-growth-acceleration-program

Government of Brazil. (2024, April 7). Novo Plano Safra 24/25 tem aumento de 16,5% nas linhas de crédito de investimentos. Ministério Da Agricultura e Pecuária. https://www.gov.br/agricultura/pt-br/assuntos/noticias/novo-plano-safra-24-25-tem-aumento-de-16-5-nas-linhas-de-credito-de-investimentos

Green, F., Bois von Kursk, O., Muttitt, G., & Pye, S. (2024). No new fossil fuel projects: The norm we need. Science, 384(6699), 954–957. https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.adn6533

Gütschow, J., Pflüger, M., & Busch, D. (2024). The PRIMAP-hist national historical emissions time series (1750-2022) v2.5.1. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10705513

ICCT. (2023). Comparison of the Life-Cycle Greenhouse Gas Emissions of Combustion Engine and Electric Passenger Cars in Brazil. https://theicct.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/Brazil-LDV-LCA-report-A4-v7.pdf

IEA. (2023a). Net Zero Roadmap: A Global Pathway to Keep the 1.5 °C Goal in Reach. https://www.iea.org/reports/net-zero-roadmap-a-global-pathway-to-keep-the-15-0c-goal-in-reach

IEA. (2023b). World Energy Outlook 2023. https://www.iea.org/reports/world-energy-outlook-2023

IEA. (2024a). Energy and Emissions Data Browser: Brazil. https://www.iea.org/countries/brazil

IEA. (2024b). Renewables 2023 - Analysis and forecast to 2028. https://iea.blob.core.windows.net/assets/96d66a8b-d502-476b-ba94-54ffda84cf72/Renewables_2023.pdf

Inesc. (2022). Matriz energética brasileira no contexto do Acordo de Paris: entre a falta de ambição e os desafios para implementação das NDCs. https://coalizaoenergialimpa.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/INESC-Rel_NDC-v6.pdf

INPE. (2020). TerraBrasilis PRODES (deforestation). http://terrabrasilis.dpi.inpe.br/app/dashboard/deforestation/biomes/legal_amazon/rates

Ionova, A. (2021, July 21). As soy frenzy grips Brazil, deforestation closes in on Indigenous lands. Mongabay. https://news.mongabay.com/2021/07/as-soy-frenzy-grips-brazil-deforestation-closes-in-on-indigenous-lands/

JRC. (2023). Global Energy and Climate Outlook 2023. https://publications.jrc.ec.europa.eu/repository/handle/JRC136265

Kimbrough, L. (2021, July 12). Soy and cattle team up to drive deforestation in South America: Study. Mongabay. https://news.mongabay.com/2021/07/study-shows-how-soy-cattle-team-up-to-drive-deforestation-in-south-america/

Ministerio da Ciencia Tecnologia e Inovacaoes. (2022). Estimativas Annuais de Emissoes de Gases de Efeito Estufa No Brasil. https://www.gov.br/mcti/pt-br/acompanhe-o-mcti/sirene/publicacoes/estimativas-anuais-de-emissoes-gee

Ministério da Ciência Tecnologia Inovações e Comunicações Brasil. (2017). Contribuição do MCTIC para a elaboração da estratégia de implementação da Contribuição Nacionalmente Determinada do Brasil ao Acordo de Paris (Vol. 5, Issue 2001).

Ministry of Mines and Energy. (2022). Ten-Year Energy Expansion Plan (PDE 2031). https://www.gov.br/mme/pt-br/assuntos/secretarias/sntep/publicacoes/plano-decenal-de-expansao-de-energia/pde-2031/english-version/relatorio_pde2031_introducao_eus.pdf

Nature. (2023, December 21). Politics and the environment collide in Brazil: Lula’s first year back in office. https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-023-04042-x

Observatório do Clima. (2019). Forest Facts: myths about land use in Brazil, debunked [Broadcast]. Youtube.

Our World in Data. (2024). Brazil: Electricity generation from coal. https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/electricity-coal?tab=chart&country=~BRA

PNME. (2023). 3° Anuario Brasileiro da Mobilidade Electrica. https://pnme.org.br/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/3o-Anuario-Brasileiro-de-Mobilidade-Eletrica.pdf

Reuters. (2023, December 1). Brazil to join OPEC+ but won’t cap oil output, Petrobras CEO says. Reuters. https://www.reuters.com/markets/commodities/brazil-join-opec-wont-cap-oil-output-petrobras-ceo-says-2023-12-01/

SEEG. (2023a). Sistema de Estimativas de Emissões e Remoções de Gases de Efeito Estufa (SEEG). https://plataforma.seeg.eco.br/

SEEG. (2023b). Sistema de Estimativas de Emissões e Remoções de Gases de Efeito Estufa (SEEG). https://plataforma.seeg.eco.br/

Silva, C. (2024, March 14). Future fuel program advances in Brazil’s Congress. The Brazilian Report. https://brazilian.report/liveblog/politics-insider/2024/03/14/future-fuel-program-advances-in-brazils-congress/#:~:text=The%20House%20on%20Wednesday%20approved,the%20fuel’s%20greenhouse%20gas%20emissions

Stabile, M. C. C., Guimarães, A. L., Silva, D. S., Ribeiro, V., Macedo, M. N., Coe, M. T., Pinto, E., Moutinho, P., & Alencar, A. (2020). Solving Brazil’s land use puzzle: Increasing production and slowing Amazon deforestation. Land Use Policy, 91, 104362. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2019.104362

Talanoa. (2023). Brazil’s Climate Policy in Full 2023 - Progress and gaps in the country’s climate policy agenda. https://nossadescarbonizacao.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/00_Talanoa-PCporInteiro-2023-Desktop-EN.pdf

UNFCCC news. (2023). Global Renewables and Energy Efficiency Pledge. https://www.cop28.com/en/global-renewables-and-energy-efficiency-pledge

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. (2019). Global Non-CO2 Greenhouse Gas Emission Projections & Mitigation Potential: 2015-2050.

WWF. (2024, February 15). Brazil loses BRL 11.8 billion in social value with the construction of hydroelectric dams in the Tapajós, according to a study commissioned by WWF-Brazil. https://www.wwf.org.br/?87820/Brazil-loses-BRL-118-billion-in-social-value-with-the-construction-of-hydroelectric-dams-in-the-Tapajos-according-to-a-study-commissioned-by-WWF-Brazil#:~:text=Brazil%20will%20lose%20at%20least,states%20of%20Amazonas%20and%20Par%C3%A1

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