Ethiopia

Critically Insufficient4°C+ World

NDCs with this rating fall well outside of a country’s “fair share” range and are not at all consistent with holding warming to below 2°C let alone with the Paris Agreement’s stronger 1.5°C limit. If all government NDCs were in this range, warming would exceed 4°C.

Highly insufficient< 4°C World

NDCs with this rating fall outside of a country’s “fair share” range and are not at all consistent with holding warming to below 2°C let alone with the Paris Agreement’s stronger 1.5°C limit. If all government NDCs were in this range, warming would reach between 3°C and 4°C.

Insufficient< 3°C World

NDCs with this rating are in the least stringent part of a country’s “fair share” range and not consistent with holding warming below 2°C let alone with the Paris Agreement’s stronger 1.5°C limit. If all government NDCs were in this range, warming would reach over 2°C and up to 3°C.

2°C Compatible< 2°C World

NDCs with this rating are consistent with the 2009 Copenhagen 2°C goal and therefore fall within a country’s “fair share” range, but are not fully consistent with the Paris Agreement long term temperature goal. If all government NDCs were in this range, warming could be held below, but not well below, 2°C and still be too high to be consistent with the Paris Agreement 1.5°C limit.

1.5°C Paris Agreement Compatible< 1.5°C World

This rating indicates that a government’s NDCs in the most stringent part of its “fair share” range: it is consistent with the Paris Agreement’s 1.5°C limit.

Role model<< 1.5°C World

This rating indicates that a government’s NDC is more ambitious than what is considered a “fair” contribution: it is more than consistent with the Paris Agreement’s 1.5°C limit.

List of references

2050 Pathways Platform. (2019). Members. Retrieved from 2050 Pathways Platform website: https://www.2050pathways.org/members/
Abiye, Y. (2019). Lack of finance derails second railway project. The Reporter. Retrieved from https://www.thereporterethiopia.com/article/lack-finance-derails-second-railway-project
Barfi, B. (2018). Breaking the Stalemate in the Egypt-Ethiopia Dam Dispute. Washington Institute for Near East Policy. Retrieved from https://www.washingtoninstitute.org/policy-analysis/view/breaking-the-stalemate-in-the-egypt-ethiopia-dam-dispute
Darby, M. (2018). Saudi Arabia eyes Ethiopian hydropower link to cut reliance on oil and gas. Retrieved from http://www.climatechangenews.com/2018/09/27/saudi-arabia-eyes-ethiopian-hydropower-link-cut-reliance-oil-gas/
Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia. (2010a). Growth and Transformation Plan 2010/11 - 2014/15.
Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia. (2010b). Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions of Ethiopia. Retrieved from http://unfccc.int/files/meetings/cop_15/copenhagen_accord/application/pdf/ethiopiacphaccord_app2.pdf
Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia. (2011). Ethiopia’s Climate-Resilient Green Economy Strategy. Retrieved from https://www.undp.org/content/dam/ethiopia/docs/Ethiopia CRGE.pdf
Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia. (2015). Intended Nationally Determined Contribution (INDC) of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia. Retrieved from https://www4.unfccc.int/sites/ndcstaging/PublishedDocuments/Ethiopia First/INDC-Ethiopia-100615.pdf
Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia. (2016). Growth and Transformation Plan II (GTP II)(2015/16-2019/20). Volume I: Main Text. Retrieved from https://europa.eu/capacity4dev/file/30510/download?token=efsF8UiP
Fikade, B. (2018). Bus rapid transit corridor project underway. The Reporter. Retrieved from https://www.thereporterethiopia.com/article/bus-rapid-transit-corridor-project-underway
Gebre, M. (2019). South Korea Provides $300 Million Soft Loan to Ethiopia. Retrieved from 7D News website: https://7dnews.com/news/south-korea-provides-300-million-soft-loan-to-ethiopia
Hammond, M. (2013). The Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam and the Blue Nile: Implications for transboundary water governance. Global Water Forum. Retrieved from http://www.globalwaterforum.org/2013/02/18/the-grand-ethiopian-renaissance-dam-and-the-blue-nile-implications-for-transboundary-water-governance/
IEA. (2014). World Energy Outlook 2014. https://doi.org/10.1787/weo-2014-en
IRENA. (2019). Renewable Electricity Capacity and Generation Statistics. Retrieved from http://resourceirena.irena.org/gateway/dashboard/?topic=4&subTopic=54
Ministry of Environment and Forest. (2015). Ethiopia’s Second National Communication to the UNFCCC. Retrieved from http://unfccc.int/resource/docs/natc/ethnc2.pdf
Mohamed, N. N. (2018). Continuous Dispute Between Egypt and Ethiopia Concerning Nile Water and Mega Dams. In A. M. Negm & S. Abdel-Fattah (Eds.), Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam Versus Aswan High Dam: A View from Egypt(pp. 451–483). https://doi.org/10.1007/698_2017_209
The Economist. (2016). Ethiopia opens Africa’s tallest and most controversial dam. Retrieved from https://www.economist.com/news/21712281-gibe-iii-dam-has-capacity-double-countrys-electricity-output
UNFCCC. (2019). Ethiopia Country Page. Retrieved from NAMA Registry website: https://www4.unfccc.int/sites/PublicNAMA/SitePages/Country.aspx?CountryId=59
Whittington, D. (2016). Why technical discussions are needed for the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam. Retrieved from https://theconversation.com/why-technical-discussions-are-needed-for-the-grand-ethiopian-renaissance-dam-60004
World Bank. (2018). 12 Developers pre-qualified for Scaling Solar tender in Ethiopia. Retrieved from Scaling Solar website: https://www.scalingsolar.org/pre-qualified-bidders-for-scaling-solar-tender-in-madagascar-announced-2/
World Bank. (2019). Ethiopia. Retrieved from Scaling Solar website: https://www.scalingsolar.org/active-engagements/ethiopia/
Xinhua. (2018). Chinese-built Ethiopia-Djibouti railway begins commercial operations. Xinhua. Retrieved from http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2018-01/01/c_136865306.htm
Xinhua. (2019). Chinese-built Ethiopia light rail transports more than 29 mln people in 9 months. Retrieved from Xinhua website: http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2019-04/27/c_138015842.htm
Yihdego, Z., Rieu-Clarke, A., & Elisa Cascão, A. E. (2016). How has the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam changes the legal, political, economic and scientific dynamics in the Nile Basin? Water International, 41(4), 503–5011. https://doi.org/10.1080/02508060.2016.1209008