Critically Insufficient4°C+
World
NDCs with this rating fall well outside of a country’s “fair share” range and are not at all consistent with holding warming to below 2°C let alone with the Paris Agreement’s stronger 1.5°C limit. If all government NDCs were in this range, warming would exceed 4°C.
Highly insufficient< 4°C
World
NDCs with this rating fall outside of a country’s “fair share” range and are not at all consistent with holding warming to below 2°C let alone with the Paris Agreement’s stronger 1.5°C limit. If all government NDCs were in this range, warming would reach between 3°C and 4°C.
Insufficient< 3°C
World
NDCs with this rating are in the least stringent part of a country’s “fair share” range and not consistent with holding warming below 2°C let alone with the Paris Agreement’s stronger 1.5°C limit. If all government NDCs were in this range, warming would reach over 2°C and up to 3°C.
2°C Compatible< 2°C
World
NDCs with this rating are consistent with the 2009 Copenhagen 2°C goal and therefore fall within a country’s “fair share” range, but are not fully consistent with the Paris Agreement long term temperature goal. If all government NDCs were in this range, warming could be held below, but not well below, 2°C and still be too high to be consistent with the Paris Agreement 1.5°C limit.
1.5°C Paris Agreement Compatible< 1.5°C
World
This rating indicates that a government’s NDCs in the most stringent part of its “fair share” range: it is consistent with the Paris Agreement’s 1.5°C limit.
Role model<< 1.5°C
World
This rating indicates that a government’s NDC is more ambitious than what is considered a “fair” contribution: it is more than consistent with the Paris Agreement’s 1.5°C limit.
Sources
List of references
- ACEA. (2019a). Fuel types of new cars: diesel -17.9%, petrol +3.3%, electric +40.0% in first quarter of 2019 | ACEA - European Automobile Manufacturers’ Association. Retrieved May 14, 2019, from https://www.acea.be/press-releases/article/fuel-types-of-new-cars-diesel-17.9-petrol-3.3-electric-40.0-in-first-quarte
- ACEA. (2019b). Fuel types of new cars: diesel -23.6%, electric +33.1% in fourth quarter of 2018 | ACEA - European Automobile Manufacturers’ Association. Retrieved May 7, 2019, from https://www.acea.be/press-releases/article/fuel-types-of-new-cars-diesel-23.6-electric-33.1-in-fourth-quarter-of-2018
- ACEA. (2020). Fuel types of new cars: petrol 51.9%, diesel 29.4%, electric 7.2% market share second quarter 2020. Retrieved from https://www.acea.be/press-releases/article/fuel-types-of-new-cars-petrol-51.9-diesel-29.4-electric-7.2-market-share-se
- Binswanger, M. (2019). Die Schweiz auf dem Weg zur Klimaneutralität? Finanz Und Wirtschaft. Retrieved from https://www.fuw.ch/article/nmtm-die-schweiz-auf-dem-weg-zur-klimaneutralitaet/
- Bundesamt für Energie. (2018a). Energiestrategie 2050. Retrieved from https://www.bfe.admin.ch/bfe/de/home/politik/energiestrategie-2050.html
- Bundesamt für Energie. (2018b). Faktenblatt Vollzug der CO2-Emissionsvorschriften für Personenwagen 2017 Neuzugelassene Personenwagen und ihre CO2-Emissionen. Retrieved from https://www.newsd.admin.ch/newsd/message/attachments/52879.pdf
- Bundesamt für Energie. (2020a). Energieverbrauch und Energieeffizienz der neuen Personenwagen und leichten Nutzfahrzeuge 2019. Retrieved from https://www.newsd.admin.ch/newsd/message/attachments/62019.pdf
- Bundesamt für Energie. (2020b). Faktenblatt Vollzug der CO2-Emissionsvorschriften für Personenwagen 2019.
- Bundesamt für Energie. (2020c). UVEK stützt den Photovoltaik-Ausbau mit Sonderkontingenten. Retrieved from https://www.bfe.admin.ch/bfe/de/home/news-und-medien/medienmitteilungen/mm-test.msg-id-78836.html
- Bundesamt für Energie & Bundesamt für Strassen. (2018). Roadmap Elektromobilität 2022. Retrieved from https://roadmap2022.brainstore.com/
- Bundesamt für Statistik. (2018). Güterverkehr in der Schweiz 2017. Retrieved from https://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/de/home/statistiken/mobilitaet-verkehr/gueterverkehr.assetdetail.1189-1700-05.html
- Bundesamt für Umwelt. (2019a). Jahrbuch Wald und Holz 2019. Retrieved from https://www.bafu.admin.ch/bafu/de/home/themen/wald/publikationen-studien/publikationen/jahrbuch-wald-und-holz.html
- Bundesamt für Umwelt. (2019b). Treibhausgasinventar. Retrieved from https://www.bafu.admin.ch/bafu/de/home/themen/klima/daten-indikatoren-karten/daten/treibhausgasinventar.html
- Bundesamt für Umwelt. (2019c). Verknüpfung der Emissionshandelssysteme Schweiz-EU. Retrieved from https://www.bafu.admin.ch/bafu/de/home/themen/klima/fachinformationen/klimapolitik/emissionshandel/verknuepfung-der-emissionshandelssysteme-schweiz-eu.html
- Bundesamt für Umwelt. (2020). Emissionen von Treibhausgasen nach revidiertem CO2 Gesetz und Kyoto-Protokoll, 2. Verpflichtungsperiode (2013-2020). Retrieved from https://www.bafu.admin.ch/dam/bafu/de/dokumente/klima/fachinfo-daten/CO2_Statistik.pdf.download.pdf/CO2_Publikation_de_2019-07.pdf
- Der Bundesrat. (2012). Bundesrat heisst neue CO2-Verordnung gut. Retrieved from https://www.admin.ch/gov/de/start/dokumentation/medienmitteilungen.msg-id-46899.html
- Die Bundesversammlung der Schweizerischen Eidgenossenschaf. (2018). Energiegesetz (EnG). Retrieved from https://www.admin.ch/opc/de/classified-compilation/20121295/201805150000/730.0.pdf
- EEX. (2019). EU Emission Allowances | Secondary Market.
- EnFK. (2014). Mustervorschriften der Kantone im Energiebereich. Retrieved from https://www.energie-zentralschweiz.ch/fileadmin/user_upload/Downloads/Fachinformationen/MuKEn/17_Zusammenfassung_MuKEn14_170912.pdf
- European Commission. (2020a). Average CO2 emissions from new light-duty vehicles registered in Europe increased in 2019, requiring significant emission reductions to meet the 2020 targets. Retrieved from https://ec.europa.eu/clima/news/average-co2-emissions-new-light-duty-vehicles-registered-europe-2019_en
- European Commission. (2020b). Statistical Pocketbook 2020 - Means of Transport. Retrieved from https://ec.europa.eu/transport/sites/transport/files/pb2020-section26.xlsx
- Federal Office for the Environment. (2019). Imposition of the CO2 levy on fuels. Retrieved from https://www.bafu.admin.ch/bafu/en/home/topics/climate/info-specialists/climate-policy/co2-levy/imposition-of-the-co2-levy-on-thermal-fuels.html#:~:text=Increase in the rate of the levy&text=94 CO2 Ordinance).&text=An increase to CHF 96,of the 1990 base year.
- Federal Office for the Environment. (2020). Switzerland’s Greenhouse Gas Inventory National Inventory Report 2020. Retrieved from https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/che-2020-nir-14apr20.zip
- Federal Office of Energy. (2017). Energiestrategie 2050. Retrieved August 24, 2017, from http://www.bfe.admin.ch/energiestrategie2050/index.html?lang=de&dossier_id=06702
- Graf, M. (2020). CO2-ABGABE AUF BRENNSTOFFE: PARTEIEN FORDERN VERSCHÄRFTE BESTIMMUNG. Retrieved from Energate Messenger website: https://www.energate-messenger.ch/news/204986/co2-abgabe-auf-brennstoffe-parteien-fordern-verschaerfte-bestimmung#:~:text=Im betreffenden Artikel hatte der,Emissionen des Jahres 1990 betragen.
- ICAP. (2020). Swiss ETS. Retrieved from https://icapcarbonaction.com/en/?option=com_etsmap&task=export&format=pdf&layout=list&systems%5B%5D=64
- IEA. (2020). Switzerland - Country Profile. Retrieved from https://www.iea.org/countries/Switzerland
- IMF. (2020). World Economic Outlook (October 2020). Retrieved from https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2020/October/weo-report?c=146,&s=NGDP_RPCH,&sy=2018&ey=2025&ssm=0&scsm=1&scc=0&ssd=1&ssc=0&sic=0&sort=country&ds=.&br=1
- Immopro. (2017). Energieeffizientes Bauen: gesamthaft planen. Retrieved from http://www.immopro.ch/energieeffizientes-bauen-gesamthaft-planen/?lang=en
- Krummenacher, C. (2019). Simonetta Sommaruga setzt sich noch ehrgeizigere Klimaziele. Nau. Retrieved from https://www.nau.ch/politik/bundeshaus/simonetta-sommaruga-setzt-sich-noch-ehrgeizigere-klimaziele-65575737
- Kuramochi, T., Höhne, N., Schaeffer, M., Cantzler, J., Hare, B., Deng, Y., … Blok, K. (2018). Ten key short-term sectoral benchmarks to limit warming to 1.5°C. Climate Policy, 18(3), 287–305. https://doi.org/10.1080/14693062.2017.1397495
- Lo, J. (2020). Peru and Switzerland sign ‘world first’ carbon offset deal under Paris Agreement. Retrieved from Climate Home News website: https://www.climatechangenews.com/2020/10/21/peru-switzerland-sign-world-first-carbon-offset-deal-paris-agreement/
- Minergie. (2019). Wissenswert. Retrieved from https://www.minergie.ch/de/ueber-minergie/wissenswert/
- Mission of Switzerland to the European Union. (2017). Linking of the Swiss and European emissions trading systems: big step forward - Media release. Retrieved August 25, 2017, from https://www.dfae.admin.ch/missions/mission-eu-brussels/en/home/news/news.html/dea/en/meta/news/2017/8/16/67745
- OECD. (2020). Economic Outlook No 107 - June 2020 – Double-hit scenario. Retrieved from https://stats.oecd.org/viewhtml.aspx?datasetcode=EO107_INTERNET_2&lang=en
- Schweizer Parlament. (2020). Bundesgesetz über die Verminderung von Treibhausgasemissionen (CO2-Gesetz). Retrieved from https://www.parlament.ch/centers/eparl/curia/2017/20170071/Schlussabstimmungstext%201%20NS%20D.pdf
- Schweizer Parlament. (2020b). LUFTFAHRTKREDITE BEREIT FÜR DIE AUSSERORDENTLICHE SESSION. Retrieved from https://www.parlament.ch/press-releases/Pages/mm-fk-n-s-2020-05-02.aspx?lang=1031
- Schweizerische Eidgenossenschaft. (2018). Switzerland’s Seventh National Communication and Third Biennial Report under the UNFCCC. Retrieved from http://unfccc.int/files/national_reports/annex_i_natcom/submitted_natcom/application/pdf/624078315_switzerland-nc7-br3-1-che_nc7_br3_2018.pdf
- Schweizerische Eidgenossenschaft. (2020a). Lenkungsabgabe auf CO₂. Retrieved from https://www.ezv.admin.ch/ezv/de/home/information-firmen/steuern-und-abgaben/einfuhr-in-die-schweiz/lenkungsabgabe-auf-co.html
- Schweizerische Eidgenossenschaft. (2020b). Swiss Emissions Registry. Retrieved from https://www.emissionsregistry.admin.ch/crweb/public/auction/dates.action?token=5ZCGYAQWK4U8LV1JCNAD8UJCZDSDSVAR
- Schweizerische Eidgenossenschaft. (2020c). Switzerland’s Fourth Biennial Report under the UNFCCC. Retrieved from https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/CHE_BR4_2020.pdf
- State Secretariat for Economic Affairs. (2020). Forecast: Swiss economy in the coronavirus crisis. Retrieved from https://www.seco.admin.ch/seco/en/home/seco/nsb-news.msg-id-79457.html
- Swiss Federal Audit Office. (2017). Evaluation der Lenkungswirkung des Emissionshandelssystems. Retrieved from http://www.efk.admin.ch/images/stories/efk_dokumente/publikationen/evaluationen/Evaluationen%20(51)/16393BE.pdf
- Swiss Federal Office of Energy. (2019). CO2 emission regulations for new cars and light commercial vehicles. Retrieved from https://www.bfe.admin.ch/bfe/en/home/efficiency/mobility/co2-emission-regulations-for-new-cars-and-light-commercial-vehic.html#:~:text=Like the EU%2C Switzerland introduced,grams of CO2 per kilometre.&text=With effect from 2020%2C a,kilometre will apply for cars.
- UNFCCC. (2015). Switzerland’s intended nationally determined contribution (INDC) and clarifying information. Retrieved from https://www4.unfccc.int/sites/ndcstaging/PublishedDocuments/Switzerland First/15 02 27_INDC Contribution of Switzerland.pdf
- VSE. (2019). Produktion & Strommix. Retrieved from https://www.strom.ch/de/energiewissen/produktion-und-handel/produktion-strommix
Further analysis
Latest publications
Stay informed
Subscribe to our newsletter