Kazakhstan

Overall rating
Insufficient

Policies and action
against fair share

Insufficient
< 3°C World

Conditional NDC target
against modelled domestic pathways

Almost Sufficient
< 2°C World

Unconditional NDC target
against fair share

Insufficient
< 3°C World
Climate finance
Not assessed
Net zero target

year

2060

Comprehensiveness rated as

Average
Land use & forestry
Not significant

References

  • Abbasova, V. (2021). President Tokayev Says Kazakhstan Needs Nuclear Power Plant. Caspian News. https://caspiannews.com/news-detail/president-tokayev-says-kazakhstan-needs-nuclear-power-plant-2021-9-5-0/
  • Babajeva, J. (2023). Opinion: Kazakhstan’s new coal projects bring economic and climate risks. https://www.thethirdpole.net/en/energy/kazakhstan-new-coal-projects-economic-climate-risks/
  • Beisembayev, S. (2022). Казахстан к 2060 году достигнет углеродной нейтральности. Liter. https://liter.kz/kazakhstan-k-2060-godu-dostignet-uglerodnoi-neitralnosti-1654779268/
  • BP. (2023). Statistical Review of World Energy Data 2023. https://view.officeapps.live.com/op/view.aspx?src=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.energyinst.org%2F__data%2Fassets%2Fexcel_doc%2F0007%2F1055545%2FEI-stats-review-all-data.xlsx&wdOrigin=BROWSELINK
  • Climate Action Tracker. (2017). Foot off the gas: increased reliance on natural gas in the power sector risks an emissions lock-in. Climate Action Tracker (Climate Analytics, Ecofys, NewClimate Institute). https://climateactiontracker.org/documents/55/CAT_2017-06-16_DecarbNaturalGas_CATAnalysis.pdf
  • Climate Action Tracker. (2020). Paris Agreement Compatible Sectoral Benchmarks. https://climateactiontracker.org/publications/paris-agreement-benchmarks/
  • Climate Analytics. (2019). Global and regional coal phase-out requirements of the Paris Agreement: Insights from the IPCC Special Report on 1.5°C. https://climateanalytics.org/media/report_coal_phase_out_2019.pdf
  • Enerdata. (2023). World Energy & Climate Statistics – Yearbook 2023 - Energy intensity. https://yearbook.enerdata.net/total-energy/world-energy-intensity-gdp-data.html
  • Eurasianet. (2023). Kazakhstan again struggling with power outages. https://eurasianet.org/kazakhstan-again-struggling-with-power-outages
  • Fracassi. (2023). Kazakh oil exports ban looms over EU. https://www.europeaninterest.eu/kazakh-oil-exports-ban-looms-over-eu/
  • ICAP. (2022). Kazakhstan Emissions Trading Scheme. https://icapcarbonaction.com/system/files/ets_pdfs/icap-etsmap-factsheet-46.pdf
  • IEA. (2022). Kazakhstan 2022 Energy Sector Review. https://iea.blob.core.windows.net/assets/fc84229e-6014-4400-a963-bccea29e0387/Kazakhstan2022.pdf
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  • Ishekenova, B. (2022). В Казахстане ожидается дефицит электроэнергии. LS Aqparat. https://lsm.kz/v-kazahstane-ozhidaetsya-deficit-elektroenergii
  • Kazakhstan to Build More Electric Charging Stations by 2029 - The Astana Times. (n.d.).
  • kazinform. (2018). Kazakhstan to launch coalbed methane exploration and production. https://www.inform.kz/en/kazakhstan-to-launch-coalbed-methane-exploration-and-production_a3314790
  • KMPG. (2023). Tax NewsFlash - February 2023. https://kpmg.com/kz/en/home/insights/2023/02/nf-feb.html
  • Kumenov, A. (2021a). Kazakhstan’s renewables agenda hindered by old technology. Eurasianet. https://eurasianet.org/kazakhstans-renewables-agenda-hindered-by-old-technology
  • Kumenov, A. (2021b). Казахстан: загрязнителей ждет рост налога на выбросы углекислого газа. Eurasianet. https://russian.eurasianet.org/казахстан-загрязнителей-ждет-рост-налога-на-выбросы-углекислого-газа
  • Mitrova, T. (2023). Q&A | The Geopolitics Behind Kazakhstan’s Turbulent Energy Sector. https://www.energypolicy.columbia.edu/qa-the-geopolitics-behind-kazakhstans-turbulent-energy-sector/
  • Nakispekova. (2023). Outlook for Green Energy Growth in Central Asia.
  • Nurbay, R. (2021). Экологический кодекс РК: новые принципы и мнение экспертов. Strategy2050. https://strategy2050.kz/ru/news/ekologicheskiy-kodeks-rk-novye-printsipy-i-mneniya-ekspertov-/
  • O’Byrne, D. (2022). Ukraine war threatens Kazakh oil exports. Eurasianet. https://eurasianet.org/ukraine-war-threatens-kazakh-oil-exports
  • Prime Minister of the Republic of Kazakhstan. (2021). В республике ликвидировано 86% стихийных свалок — С. Брекешев. https://admin.primeminister.kz/ru/news/v-respublike-likvidirovano-86-stihiynyh-svalok-s-brekeshev-410619
  • Republic of Kazakhstan. (2015). Concept for transition of the Republic of Kazakhstan to Green Economy. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781107415324.004
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  • Republic of Kazakhstan. (2021). Доктрина (стратегия) достижения углеродной нейтральности Республики Казахстан до 2060 года. https://legalacts.egov.kz/npa/view?id=11488215
  • Republic of Kazakhstan. (2022). Kazakhstan. 2022 Common Reporting Format (CRF) Table | UNFCCC. https://unfccc.int/documents/461977
  • Republic of Kazakhstan. (2023a). Eighth National Communication and Fifth Biennial Report of the Republic of Kazakhstan to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change. https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/684371_Kazakhstan-NC8-BR5-2-8NC_final_en.pdf
  • Republic of Kazakhstan. (2023b). Kazakhstan. 2023 Common Reporting Format (CRF) Table | UNFCCC. https://unfccc.int/documents/627843%0A
  • Republic of Kazakhstan. (2023c). Updated Nationally Determined Contribution of the Republic of Kazakhstan to the global response to climate change. https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2023-06/12updated NDC KAZ_Gov Decree313_19042023_en_cover page.pdf
  • Roshchanka, V., Evans, M., Ruiz, F., & Kholod, N. (2017). A strategic approach to selecting policy mechanisms for addressing coal mine methane emissions: A case study on Kazakhstan. Environmental Science and Policy, 78(January), 185–192. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2017.08.005
  • Satubaldina, A. (2021). Kazakhstan to Increase Share of Renewable Energy to 15 Percent by 2030. The Astana Times. https://astanatimes.com/2021/05/kazakhstan-to-increase-share-of-renewable-energy-to-15-percent-by-2030/
  • Shayakhmetova, Z. (2021). New Environmental Code in Kazakhstan to Promote Green Technology, Sustainable Development. The Astana Times. https://astanatimes.com/2021/03/new-environmental-code-in-kazakhstan-to-promote-green-technology-sustainable-development/
  • The Astana Times. (2019). Kazakhstan signs agreements on Abai, Dunga oil fields with foreign investors - The Astana Times. https://astanatimes.com/2019/07/kazakhstan-signs-agreements-on-abai-dunga-oil-fields-with-foreign-investors/
  • The Third Pole. (2023). Opinion: Kazakhstan’s new coal projects bring economic and climate risks. https://www.thethirdpole.net/en/energy/kazakhstan-new-coal-projects-economic-climate-risks/
  • UNDP. (2023). Public in Kazakhstan champions government development of renewable energy sources. https://www.undp.org/kazakhstan/news/public-kazakhstan-champions-government-development-renewable-energy-sources

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