Türkiye

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Daily Sabah. (2022). First pipes laid as Turkey to start pumping Black Sea gas in Q1 2023. https://www.dailysabah.com/business/energy/first-pipes-laid-as-turkey-to-start-pumping-black-sea-gas-in-q1-2023

Daily Sabah. (2025, September). Turkish auto sales up nearly 13%, EVs’ share tops 20% again. Daily Sabah. https://www.dailysabah.com/business/automotive/turkish-auto-sales-up-nearly-13-evs-share-tops-20-again

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EnergyNews. (2024). Turkey Embarks on an Ambitious Energy Transition by 2035. https://energynews.pro/en/turkey-embarks-on-an-ambitious-energy-transition-by-2035/

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Eurostat. (2024). Passenger cars per 1000 inhabitants reached 560 in 2022.

Evans, S. (2025). IEA reiterates ‘no new oil and gas needed’ if global warming is limited to 1.5C. Carbon Brief. https://www.carbonbrief.org/iea-reiterates-no-new-oil-and-gas-needed-if-global-warming-is-limited-to-1-5c/

Gavin, G. (2024). Hungary’s new gas deal fuels Russia fears. Politico EU. https://www.politico.eu/article/hungary-new-gas-deal-fuel-russia-fear/

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Güllü, A. B., Aksoy, H., Serhadlıoğlu, S., Taranto, Y., Çalışkan, R. Y., Vita, A. D., Karakousis, V., Rogner, M., Godron, P., & Dinçel, G. (2023). Net Zero 2053: A Roadmap for the Turkish Electricity Sector. SHURA Energy Transition Center.

Hadjicostis, M., & Mcdermott, J. (2023). Turkey quake revives debate over nuclear plant being built. Associated Press. https://apnews.com/article/technology-science-2023-turkey-syria-earthquake-cyprus-42b8a3ab41ccca0e4876c2188976b066

Hummer, L., Lim, J., Babajeva, J., Pitre, C., & Zhang, X. (2024). Just 15 countries account for 98% of new coal-power development. Carbon Brief. https://www.carbonbrief.org/guest-post-just-15-countries-account-for-98-of-new-coal-power-development/

Hürriyet Daily News. (2020). Turkey, Japan scrap partnership in Sinop nuclear plant in Turkey’s north. Hürriyet Daily News. https://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/turkey-japan-scrap-partnership-in-sinop-nuclear-plant-in-turkeys-north-151212

ICAP. (2025). Türkiye adopts landmark climate law, paving the way for national ETS. International Carbon Action Partnership. https://icapcarbonaction.com/en/news/turkiye-adopts-landmark-climate-law-paving-way-national-ets

IEA. (2021). Turkey 2021 Energy Policy Review. https://www.iea.org/reports/turkey-2021

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IRENA. (2024). Renewable Energy Capacity Statistics 2024. IRENA. https://www.irena.org/Data/View-data-by-topic/Capacity-and-Generation/Statistics-Time-Series

Kasapovic, M., & Knowles, W. (2024). Turkey’s electric vehicle sector will grow slowly. Oxford Analytica. https://www.oxan.com/insights/turkeys-electric-vehicle-sector-will-grow-slowly/

Kaya, N. E. (2022). Turkiye adopts regulation on electric car charging stations. Anadolu Agency. https://www.aa.com.tr/en/energy/electricity/turkiye-adopts-regulation-on-electric-car-charging-stations/34907

Kazanci, H. (2024). Türkiye ranks among top 11 countries in world in renewable energy capacity. Anadolu Agency. https://www.aa.com.tr/en/energy/solar/turkiye-ranks-among-top-11-countries-in-world-in-renewable-energy-capacity/41813

Kübra Ağaçyetiştiren. (2024). Türkiye’nin orman varlığı dünya standartlarına yaklaştı. Anadolu Agency. https://www.aa.com.tr/tr/gundem/turkiyenin-orman-varligi-dunya-standartlarina-yaklasti/3099956

Maddela, V. S. (2025, January 10). Türkiye’s Akkuyu NPP to become partly operational in 2025. Nuclear Engineering International. https://www.neimagazine.com/news/akkuyu-npp-to-become-partly-operational-in-2025/

Nuclear Business Platform. (2024). The Thrace Nuclear Power Plant and the Future of Türkiye. https://www.nuclearbusiness-platform.com/media/insights/the-thrace-nuclear-power-plant-and-the-future-of-trkiye

Offshore Technology. (2023). Turkey’s TPAO begins gas production from Sakarya field in Black Sea. https://www.offshore-technology.com/news/tpao-production-sakarya/

Presidency of the Republic of Türkiye. (2021). Remarks following the Presidential Cabinet Meeting. https://www.tccb.gov.tr/haberler/410/130712/-turkiye-ekonomisi-salgin-sartlarini-ve-daha-once-yasadigi-kimi-sikintilari-geride-birakarak-hak-ettigi-yere-dogru-hizla-yol-aliyor-

Railway Gazette International. (2024). Turkish elections bring rail plan announcements. https://www.railwaygazette.com/policy/turkish-elections-bring-rail-plan-announcements/66128.article

Railway Supply. (2024). Turkey continues to actively modernize its railway transport. https://www.railway.supply/en/turkey-continues-to-actively-modernize-its-railway-transport/

Republic of Türkiye. (2015). Intended Nationally Determined Contribution. https://www4.unfccc.int/sites/submissions/INDC/Published Documents/Turkey/1/The_INDC_of_TURKEY_v.15.19.30.pdf

Republic of Türkiye. (2019). Turkey’s Fourth Biennial Report. Ministry of Environment, Urbanisation, and Climate Change. https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/TURKEY’S FOURTH BIENNIAL REPORT.pdf

Republic of Türkiye. (2021). Türkiye First Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC). https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/The_INDC_of_TURKEY_v.15.19.30.pdf

Republic of Türkiye. (2022). Türkiye National Inventory Report: Common Reporting Format (CRF) Table. https://unfccc.int/documents/461898

Republic of Türkiye. (2024). 2024 Common Reporting Tables (CRT) (National GHG Inventories). UNFCCC. https://unfccc.int/documents/644389

Republic of Türkiye Ministry of Energy and Natural Resources. (2023). Turkish Greenhouse Gas Inventory 1990—2021.

Republic of Türkiye Ministry of Energy and Natural Resources. (2024a). Bakan Bayraktar Yenilenebilir Enerjide Yeni Hedefleri Anlattı [Minister Bayraktar Explained New Targets in Renewable Energy].

Republic of Türkiye Ministry of Energy and Natural Resources. (2024b). Turkey’s Energy Efficiency 2030 Strategy and the Second National Energy Efficiency Action Plan. https://enerji.gov.tr/duyuru-detay?id=20425

Republic of Türkiye Ministry of Energy and Natural Resources. (2024c). Yenilenebilir Enerjide 2035 Yol Haritası [Roadmap for Renewable Energy to 2035]. https://enerji.gov.tr/haber-detay?id=21380

Republic of Türkiye Ministry of Environment Urbanisation and Climate Change. (2024). Climate Change Mitigation Strategy and Action Plan 2024-2030. https://iklim.gov.tr/db/english/icerikler/files/CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION STRATEGY AND ACTION PLAN _EN.pdf

Republic of Türkiye Ministry of Foreign Affairs. (2022). Türkiye’s International Energy Strategy. https://www.mfa.gov.tr/turkeys-energy-strategy.en.mfa

Republic of Türkiye Ministry of Industry and Technology. (2022). Mobilite Araç ve Teknolojileri Yol Haritası [Mobility Vehicles and Technologies Roadmap].

Republic of Türkiye Ministry of Transport and Infrastructure. (2022). 2053 Transport and Logistics Master Plan. https://www.uab.gov.tr/uploads/pages/bakanlik-yayinlari/20221025-2053-ulastirma-ve-lojistik-ana-plani-eng.pdf

Reuters. (2024, July 26). Turkey’s Erdogan announces $30 bln in incentives for high tech areas. Reuters. https://www.reuters.com/business/autos-transportation/turkeys-erdogan-announces-30-bln-incentives-high-tech-areas-2024-07-26/

Robins, A. (2023). Turkey National Energy Plan announced: Solar target is strong but no exit from coal [Türkiye Ulusal Enerji Planı açıklandı: Güneş hedefi güçlü ama kömürden çıkış yok]. BBC Türkçe. https://www.bbc.com/turkce/articles/cmmzprr0j5po

Shaw, A. (2024). Turkey continues negotiations over new nuclear power plants. Power Technology. https://www.power-technology.com/news/turkey-continues-negotiations-with-russia-china-and-south-korea-on-nuclear-development/

Siccardi, F. (2024). Understanding the Energy Drivers of Turkey’s Foreign Policy. Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. https://carnegieendowment.org/research/2024/02/understanding-the-energy-drivers-of-turkeys-foreign-policy?lang=en¢er=europe

Spasić, V. (2023). Turkey prepares USD 100 billion energy transition program, USD 10 billion for grid. Balkan Green Energy News. https://balkangreenenergynews.com/turkey-prepares-usd-100-billion-energy-transition-program-usd-10-billion-for-grid/

Temocin, P. (2018). Framing Opposition to Nuclear Power: The Case of Akkuyu in Southeast Turkey. Asian Journal of Peacebuilding, 6(2), 353–377.

Turkish Ministry of Energy and Natural Resources. (2022). Turkey’s National Energy Plan [Türkiye Ulusal Enerji Planı]. https://enerji.gov.tr/Media/Dizin/EIGM/tr/Raporlar/TUEP/Türkiye_National_Energy_Plan.pdf

Türkiye Cumhuriyet Merkez Bankası (Central Bank of the Republic of Türkiye). (2023). Inflation Report 2023-I. https://www.tcmb.gov.tr/wps/wcm/connect/03a3322c-70d4-43cb-88e3-58a6169a894e/Inflation+Report+2023i.pdf?MOD=AJPERES&CACHEID=ROOTWORKSPACE-03a3322c-70d4-43cb-88e3-58a6169a894e-oruSa7h

Türkiye Today. (2024). Türkiye plans 270 drilling operations in 2025 to boost oil, gas production. https://www.turkiyetoday.com/business/turkiye-plans-270-drilling-operations-in-2025-to-boost-oil-gas-production-73046/#:~:text=Türkiye plans 270 drilling operations in 2025 to boost oil%2C gas production,-By Newsroom •&text=Türkiye has outlined an ambitio

Turkiye Today. (2025, September 24). Türkiye announces ambitious climate targets as renewable energy exceeds 60% of capacity. Turkiye Today. https://www.turkiyetoday.com/nation/turkiye-announces-ambitious-climate-targets-as-renewable-energy-exceeds-60-of-capacit-3207482

Ugurtas, S. (2022). Turkey balks at coal phaseout amid growing energy woes. Al-Monitor. https://www.al-monitor.com/originals/2022/03/turkey-balks-coal-phaseout-amid-growing-energy-woes

World Resources Institute. (2023). These 10 Countries Are Phasing Out Coal the Fastest. https://www.wri.org/insights/countries-phasing-out-coal-power-fastest